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What is the physical process that occurs when the sky appears to change from blue to cloudy, and how does atmospheric pressure and humidity affect this transformation?
When sunlight enters Earth's atmosphere, it encounters tiny molecules of gases such as nitrogen and oxygen.
These molecules scatter the shorter, blue wavelengths of light more than the longer, red wavelengths, giving the sky its blue color (Rayleigh scattering).
The colors we see in the sky come from the scattering of sunlight by molecules in the atmosphere.
This process is responsible for the blue color of the sky during the daytime.
As sunlight passes through the Earth's atmosphere, it encounters various particles and aerosols, which scatter the light and give the sky its various colors, particularly during sunrise and sunset.
At sunset, the sky appears red or orange due to the scattering of shorter wavelengths of light by atmospheric particles and aerosols.
This scattering effect is more pronounced when there are more aerosols in the atmosphere.
Clouds are formed when warm air rises, cools, and condenses, causing water vapor to condense into visible liquid droplets.
Relative humidity, temperature, and wind patterns all contribute to the formation of clouds.
Clouds that are high up in the sky, such as cirrus and lenticular clouds, can cause iridescence when the sun shines through them, creating a rainbow-like effect.
The temperature and humidity of the atmosphere can also affect our mood and behavior.
Research has shown that temperatures deviating from an ideal range of around 20°C (68°F) can cause discomfort.
The formation of clouds is influenced by various factors, including wind direction, air pressure, and the presence of aerosols.
Clouds can also be classified based on their height, shape, and other characteristics.
The Earth's atmosphere scatters sunlight equally in all directions, but our eyes only receive light from a specific cone of angles.
This is why the sky appears blue to us, but not to animals with a different visual system.
Low-pressure systems can lead to the formation of clouds and precipitation, while high-pressure systems often produce clear weather.
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